The Australasian Darter (Anhinga novaehollandiae)

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By Charles J Sharp – Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0

The Australasian Darter also known as the Australian Darter or snakebird is a large, slim waterbird. This magnificent bird resembles the cormorant but is much more regal in appearance. These birds are often sited at Wonga Wetlands in Albury as it has a permanent water source.

DESCRIPTION

The Australasian Darter is a large waterbird measuring between 86 and 94 centimetres in length and weighing around 2.6 kilograms. It is easily recognised by its long, snake-like neck, sharply pointed bill, and long, rounded tail. Male darters display dark brownish-black plumage with glossy black upper wings, streaked with distinctive white and silver-grey markings. Their breast is chestnut-coloured especially in the breeding season, and a noticeable white stripe runs along the neck. In contrast, females and juveniles have a paler appearance; their head and neck are light grey with white streaks, and their underparts are creamy white.

HABITAT & DISTRIBUTION

This species is widely distributed across Australia. Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and Timor-Leste. Australasian Darters prefer freshwater wetlands, lakes, rivers, and sheltered coastal waters where fallen trees or stumps provide suitable resting spots. They are also occasionally spotted in a calm seas close to the shore.

Male drying its wings by JJ Harrison – Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0
Female drying its wings by Charles J. Sharp – Own work, from Sharp Photography, CC BY-SA 4.0
Female by Benjamint444 – Own work, GFDL 1.2

BREEDING

During the breeding season, male darters attract mates through elaborate displays, which include wing waving and the grasping of twigs. Chicks develop rapidly and begin flying roughly 50 days after hatching. Both male and female darters contribute to nest building, but the male is responsible for decorating the nest with fresh green leaves. The nest itself is usually a platform constructed from sticks and lined with softer materials for comfort. Breeding may occur at various times throughout the year, depending on local water conditions. In some areas, breeding has been recorded from August to May, with chicks hatching and growing quickly.

BEHAVIOUR

 Australasian Darters are often observed swimming with their bodies submerged, leaving only their neck visible above the water, which gives the impression of a snake gliding across the surface. They are frequently seen perched on trees or stumps, spreading their wings to dry. Their cross-shaped silhouette allows them to soar smoothly on rising thermals.

FEEDING

The diet of the Australasian Darter consists mainly of fish. They hunt by diving underwater, usually to depths greater than 60 centimetres, and catch their prey by impaling it with their sharp bill. Smaller fish are swallowed while still underwater, while larger fish are brought to the surface, flicked into position, and swallowed head-first.

Male eating fish by By Charles J. Sharp – Own work, from Sharp Photography, CC BY-SA 4.0

CONSERVATION STATUS

According to the IUCN, the Australasian Darter is classified as Least Concern. The population is considered stable overall, although numbers may fluctuate in response to changing wetland conditions.

REFERENCES

Online resources include:

  • Birdlife Australia

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